Korrespondenca e Muhammed ‘Abduhū-së dhe Lev Nikoláevič Tolstoĭt – fakte historike dhe porositë (1)
(Në bazë të studimit të Alexander B. Kudelinit dhe burimeve tjera)
Përgatiti: Akademik Enes Karić
- Dy bashkëkohës të famshëm
Muhammed ‘Abduhū (1849-1905), reformator i pranuar musliman dhe një prej themeluesve më të rëndësishëm të reformizmit islam, dhe Lev Nikoláevič Tolstoĭ (1828-1919), me siguri shkrimtari më i madh botëror, shkëmbyen letrat, ishte kjo në prill dhe maj të vitit 1904, (e ka mundësi që letrat të kishte nga të dyja anët edhe më vonë). Të dhënat rreth kësaj korrespondence në këtë shqyrtim, i cili sillet këtu në formë të kompilimit jubilar, në shumëçka i kemi borxh Alexander B. Kudelinit dhe studimit të tij rreth këtij shkëmbimi të njohur shkresash rreth të cilit Kudelini shkroi me dokumentim në revistën Manuscripta Orientalia (vëllimi 15, nr. 1, qershor 2009) i cili del në Shën Petersburg.
Muhammed ‘Abduhū, muftiu suprem i Egjiptit në vitet e fundit të shek. XIX, dhe në vitet e para të shek. XX, shprehte interesim për letërsinë dhe filozofinë evropiane, janë të njohura takimet dhe miqësitë e tij me shkrimtarin dhe politikanin anglez Wilfrid Scawen Blunt (1840-1922), pastaj gruan e Bluntit Anne (Lady Anne Blunt, 1837-1917), e cila përndryshe, ishte mbesa e poetit të madh Lord Byron (1788-1824).
Në Angli Muhammed ‘Abduhū është takuar edhe me filozofin Herbert Spencer (1820-1903), e në kohën e tij vizitoi edhe bibliotekat e mëdha evropiane në Stamboll, Vjenë, Berlin, Paris, Londër, Kembrixhe etj.
Supozohet që për veprat e mëdha të Lev Tolstoĭt muftiu Muhammed ‘Abduhū mësoi si prej burimeve evropiane (‘Abduhū fliste mirë frëngjisht), po ashtu edhe prej përkthimeve të hershme arabe të disa veprave të Tolstoĭt ose studimeve rreth tij në gjuhën arabe. Orientalisti rus Ignatij Julijanovič Kračkovski (1883-1951), pohon që në vitin 1901 Salīm Kub’ajn botoi librin “Medhheb Tūlstūj (Mësimet e Tolstoĭt)”, gjithashtu po i njëjti autor në vitin 1904, botoi edhe veprën “Inxhīl Tūlstūj” (Evangjelistët sipas Tolstoĭt)”. Të dyja këto vepra përmbajnë aksionet e diskutimeve të Tolstoĭt ose tekstet me të cilat dha simetri vetë Tolstoĭ.
Sipas gjithë asaj që shihet, i përmenduri Salīm Kubʽajn me kënaqësi paraqiste dhe përkthente veprat e Lev Nikoláevič Tolstoĭt prej rusishtes në arabisht. Sipas Alexander B. Kudelinit, ky Salīm Kub’ajn prej rusishtes në arabisht përktheu edhe një zgjedhje të Tolstoĭt të thënieve ose haditheve të Muhamedit a.s., me titullin: “Hikam al-Nabī Muhammad li al-faylasūf Tūlstūy wa muhtāra min ārāi wa ta’līm al-faylasūf ar-rūsi esh-shahir (“Fjalët e urta e të Dërguarit Muhamed prej filozofit Tolstoĭ dhe pjesa e përzgjedhur prej pikëpamjeve dhe mësimeve të filozofit të njohur rus)” – vepra është botuar në Kajro, pa vit botimi.
Përktheu nga gjuha boshnjake: Behrim Jusufi
(Revista “Vlera”, nr. 26, maj/qershor 2018, fq. 13)
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