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Pozita dhe roli i femrës në të kaluarën dhe në ditët e sotshme. Të drejtat dhe përgjegjësit e saj

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Sot, të drejtat e femrës janë një ndër temat më bashkohore në trojet shqiptare dhe në përmasa botërore.

Të jesh femër në ditët e sotme shpesh konsiderohet si fatbardhësi, kurse në kohët më të hershme ishte vetëm një fatkeqësi.

Në Romën antike dhe në Greqinë e lashtë femra nuk kishte asnjë të drejtë.
Babai mund t‘i shiste vajzat e tij kurdo që të dëshironte, mund t‘i jepte hua ose t‘i mbyste, sipas dëshirave të tij, si dhe të tjera gjëra të këtij lloji.

Kështu pra, femra nuk kishte asnjë të drejtë si qenien njerëzore. Para burrit nuk kishte asnjë të drejtë pronësie, as të bënte ndonjë vizitë ose udhëtime të
shkurtër, qoftë edhe për nevojat e tyre personale.\

Në Greqinë e lashtë nuk ekzistonte martesa e zakonshme. Grekët jetonin në grupe dhe fëmijët nuk e njihnin nënën e tyre. Poligamia nuk ishte diçka e zakonshme, por çdo njeri, sipas gjendjes ekonomike, mund të mbante në shtëpi një numër të caktuar grash, jashtë martese. Me një fjalë, femra
nuk kishte një status juridik dhe burri i martuar me të mund ta falte si dhuratë ose ta jepte hua.

Ajo mbahej si pronë, ashtu siç mbaheshin skllevërit dhe kafshët që përdoreshin për nevoja të ndryshme.

Lëvizjet feminist

Lëvizje feministe quhen lëvizjet që përpiqen për të drejtat e femrës.
Sipas historianëve perëndimorë, historia moderne e Lëvizjeve Feministe ndahet në tri periudha.
Periudha e parë fillon në shekullin XIX-të e XX-të, e cila merrej kryesisht me të drejtën e votimit,
punësimit dhe arsimimit.
Periudha e dytë fillon në vitin 1960 dhe vazhdon deri në vitin 1980, e cila merrej me të drejtat ligjore, kulturore dhe rolin e femrës në jetën shoqërore.
Periudha e tretë fillon nga viti 1980 dhe vazhdoi deri në dhjetëvjetëshin e parë të shekullit XXI dhe gjatë kësaj periudhe vazhduan përpjekjet e periudhës së dytë për të fituar të drejtat që kishin dështuar apo nuk ishin realizuar.

Termi “feminizëm” apo “feministe” së pari u paraqitë në Francë dhe Holandë në vitin 1872, në Angli në vitin 1890, kurse në Shtetet e Bashkuara të Amerikës në vitin 1910.
”Ajo nuk ishte njerëzore”

Në shek .V, “Këshilli nga Makoni” u mblodh në mënyrë që të shqyrtonte “Të vërtetën rreth
femrave”. Qëllimi ishte nëse ato kanë apo jo shpirt. Në fund tw studimit erdhën nw përfundimin se të gjitha femrat kanë shpirt të prishur, janë të dënuara me mallkim të përjetshëm, dhimbje dhe qëndrim në
zjarr, përveç Marisë, nënës së Jezusit. Etërit e shenjtë të ritit katolik e kanë konsideruar femrën si përgjegjëse për mëkatet. Sipas tyre, “trupi i femrës është derë për hyrjen e djallit”, ndaj ajo është
mallkuar përgjithmonë. Në vitin 586, “Këshilli i të Shkathëtëve” shpalli se gruaja nuk i takon gjinisë njerëzore dhe është krijuar vetëm për t’i shërbyer njeriut.




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